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While most people get their drinking water from public water supplies, more xiii million households in the United States rely on individual wells for their drinking water. Well water can absorb many different compounds from the surrounding soil — and when levels of compounds like sulfur get too high, you'll need to filter it. If yous're dealing with high levels of sulfur in your drinking supply, learn how to remove sulfur from well water.

What Is Sulfur and How Does It Get in Well Water?

Sulfur is a naturally occurring chemical compound. There are two sources of sulfur in well water – sulfates and hydrogen sulfide gas.

Sulfates are a blazon of salt that contains sulfur. They may be in the soil and rocks surrounding your well. Equally groundwater and rainwater seep through the soil and rocks, they tin can bear sulfates into your well water.
Hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) tin can happen naturally when plants or other organic textile decays. Information technology can also be related to pollution in the h2o. And when sulfur leaner feed on sulfates in well h2o, they can create H2S. You'll need to remove the H2S from your water and vent the gas from low-lying spaces around your well.

Is Sulfur Harmful?

It depends on the level of sulfates or hydrogen sulfide in the water. In small-scale amounts, these things don't crusade a problem.

Too much sulfate tin cause diarrhea and dehydration. It tin also have a biting taste, clog your pipes with slime and stain your laundry.

Too much H2S causes a rotten egg olfactory property in well water. In large amounts, it tin be poisonous and lead to nausea and disease — only this is more likely to happen from breathing the gas than from drinking h2o. H2S tin besides corrode pipes and stain your utensils.

How Can I Tell If My Well H2o Has Sulfur?

There are a few means to tell if you accept a sulfur trouble:

Smell or taste — Sulfur has a distinctive smell similar to rotten eggs, and sulfates can give water a bitter sense of taste. If your well h2o has sulfur in it, you may find an unpleasant smell or odd sense of taste.
Slime or stains — Sulfur bacteria tin can leave blackness stains or a white, grey, black or reddish-dark-brown slime on silverware or plumbing.
Water tests — Become your well water tested every year, even if y'all don't notice signs of sulfur or other problems. You lot tin can find several dissimilar water testing kits online or in stores. But to ensure accurate results, find a country-certified laboratory to do the tests. And check with your local health department first, in case they provide these tests for free.

How Can I Remove Sulfur From My Well Water?

There are many options for removing sulfur from your well water. The best option for you volition depend on the source of the sulfur, how serious the problem is and how much you're able to spend. Options include:

Activated carbon filtration — Activated carbon filters apply small pieces of porous carbon (like charcoal) to attract chemicals in water and filter them out. You can install an activated carbon filtration system as a low-toll and low maintenance solution to remove a depression concentration of sulfur — but it won't handle high concentrations of sulfur.
Aeration treatment — This is a depression-cost and prophylactic solution that adds air to the water. This process may reduce the hydrogen sulfide to acceptable levels, but may not get rid of it completely. And it won't impale sulfur bacteria.
Chlorine bleach — Y'all can inject chlorine bleach into your water before filtration. This is a low-cost solution that tin effectively remove medium-to-loftier levels of hydrogen sulfide from your water. Simply this method isn't fast-acting, and information technology also adds sodium to the h2o and can exit toxic residual.
Potassium permanganate — You lot tin use potassium permanganate solution in combination with a special type of filter to remove sulfur particles. This process gets rid of several odors, but it can be toxic and may go out your water looking pinkish.
Hydrogen peroxide — This is a fast and safe solution that leaves no chemical residue and no taste in the water. Merely an annual supply of peroxide may be expensive, so it's non as common in individual domicile h2o systems.
Ozone gas — This is also a fast and safe solution that leaves no chemical residue. But ozone systems are expensive, and they add gases to the water that you then need to vent.

If you own a private well, or are thinking of putting one in, check in with your local health section most maintenance procedures to make sure your water is safety for everyday use. Many health departments offer free water testing to cheque the levels of sulfur and other compounds — and they can provide more detailed advice about the all-time filtration methods.

Resources Links

"Hydrogen Sulfide and Sulfur Bacteria in Well Water" via Minnesota Section of Wellness
"Hydrogen Sulfide and Sulfate in Private Drinking Water Wells" via University of Massachusetts Amherst
"Individual Drinking Water Wells" via U.South. Environmental Protection Agency